Varicocele Embolization
for Male Infertility and Pain
Minimally Invasive Treatment for Varicocele-Related Conditions
Joint & Vascular Institute
What is Varicocele Embolization?
A varicocele is an abnormally dilated network of veins within the spermatic cord, known as the pampiniform plexus. It affects about 15% of men in the general population and up to 35% of men with infertility. Varicoceles are among the most common reversible causes of male infertility and can also cause scrotal pain or a feeling of heaviness.
At Joint & Vascular Institute, we offer varicocele embolization, a minimally invasive, image-guided treatment that seals off refluxing veins in the spermatic cord. The procedure requires only mild sedation, no surgical incision, and provides an effective alternative to surgery with faster recovery.
Get Help for Varicocele Symptoms
How Varicocele Embolization Works
Varicoceles form when the gonadal veins fail to drain properly, leading to backward blood flow, dilation, and increased pressure within the scrotal veins. This can negatively impact sperm production and quality, leading to infertility, as well as cause discomfort. During varicocele embolization, our interventional radiologists:
- Use ultrasound and fluoroscopy to confirm abnormal refluxing veins
- Access the venous system through a tiny puncture in the groin or neck
- Advance a catheter into the gonadal vein
- Deliver embolic materials such as coils, plugs, or sclerosing foam to block refluxing veins
- Redirect blood flow into healthy veins, reducing pressure and improving testicular function
The entire procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis under moderate sedation.
Benefits of Varicocele Embolization
Varicocele embolization offers several advantages over traditional treatments:
Minimally
Invasive
No incisions, performed under local anesthesia with light sedation.
Effective for
Infertility
Improves sperm count and motility, with higher chances of pregnancy reported.
Quick
Recovery
Most men return to normal activity within one to two days.
Durable
Outcomes
High success in improving fertility and reducing testicular discomfort.
Alternative to
Surgery
Ideal for patients who wish to avoid surgery or have had failed prior varicocelectomy.
Joint & Vascular Institute
Am I a Candidate for Varicocele Embolization?
You may be a candidate if you:
- Have been diagnosed with a varicocele and are experiencing infertility
- Experience scrotal pain or heaviness that worsens with standing
- Have had recurrence after surgical repair
- Prefer a nonsurgical, outpatient treatment with minimal downtime
Schedule a consultation with our team to determine if this procedure is right for you.
Proven Clinical Success with Varicocele Embolization
Varicocele embolization has been extensively studied as a safe and effective treatment for infertility and scrotal pain.
- Technical success rates are consistently high, often above 90%
- Therapeutic success rates (improvement in pain and fertility outcomes) are reported in 80% to 93% of patients
- Embolization improves sperm concentration and motility, and several studies report higher pregnancy rates compared with observation alone
- Complications are uncommon and usually minor, such as temporary scrotal discomfort
A comprehensive review highlights varicocele embolization as a reliable nonsurgical treatment for men seeking infertility solutions or pain management.
Academic Level Care.
Just Next Door.
At Joint & Vascular Institute, our physicians are experts in interventional radiology treatments for male health. We combine advanced techniques with compassionate, personalized care—helping you achieve lasting results in fertility, comfort, and quality of life.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is varicocele embolization, and how does it work?
It is a minimally invasive treatment that blocks abnormal veins in the spermatic cord. By sealing off refluxing veins with coils or plugs, it reduces pressure, restores proper circulation, and improves testicular function.
What results can I expect?
Studies show most men experience improvement in sperm count, motility, and testicular function, with many couples reporting successful pregnancies after treatment. Pain reduction is also common.
How long is the recovery?
Most patients return to light activity within 24 to 48 hours. Full recovery is quick compared with surgery.
Are there risks or side effects?
Risks are low. Possible side effects include mild scrotal discomfort, bruising at the catheter site, or recurrence if collateral veins are missed. Serious complications are rare.
Personalized, Expert Care at Joint & Vascular Institute
Our team provides leading-edge treatment for varicoceles in a supportive and patient-centered environment. From diagnosis through follow-up, we are dedicated to helping you restore fertility, comfort, and peace of mind.
Take the Next Step
Schedule a Consultation Today
If infertility or scrotal pain is affecting your life, varicocele embolization may provide the treatment you need. Contact our Libertyville office today to schedule your consultation.
Restore fertility. Treat pain. Reclaim confidence.